Respuesta :
The temperature within the Earth varies depending on depth and location. Generally, the deeper you go into the Earth's interior, the hotter it gets. This increase in temperature with depth is known as the geothermal gradient.
At the Earth's surface, temperatures can range from extremely cold to extremely hot depending on factors like latitude, altitude, and local climate conditions. As you move deeper into the Earth, towards the Earth's core, temperatures rise due to several factors:
1. **Radioactive Decay**: Radioactive elements present in the Earth's crust and mantle release heat as they decay, contributing to the internal heat of the Earth.
2. **Conduction of Heat**: Heat from the Earth's core is conducted through the solid rock of the mantle and crust, gradually increasing temperatures with depth.
3. **Adiabatic Compression**: As you move deeper into the Earth, the weight of overlying rock increases, causing adiabatic compression, which further raises temperatures.
The average geothermal gradient is estimated to be around 25-30°C per kilometer of depth. However, this can vary significantly depending on factors such as tectonic activity, local geological features, and the composition of the Earth's layers.
In the Earth's core, temperatures are extremely high, reaching up to several thousand degrees Celsius. The outer core is thought to be primarily molten iron and nickel, while the inner core is solid due to high pressure despite its extreme temperatures.
In summary, the temperature within the Earth is described as increasing with depth due to factors such as radioactive decay, conduction of heat, and adiabatic compression, with the highest temperatures found in the Earth's core.
At the Earth's surface, temperatures can range from extremely cold to extremely hot depending on factors like latitude, altitude, and local climate conditions. As you move deeper into the Earth, towards the Earth's core, temperatures rise due to several factors:
1. **Radioactive Decay**: Radioactive elements present in the Earth's crust and mantle release heat as they decay, contributing to the internal heat of the Earth.
2. **Conduction of Heat**: Heat from the Earth's core is conducted through the solid rock of the mantle and crust, gradually increasing temperatures with depth.
3. **Adiabatic Compression**: As you move deeper into the Earth, the weight of overlying rock increases, causing adiabatic compression, which further raises temperatures.
The average geothermal gradient is estimated to be around 25-30°C per kilometer of depth. However, this can vary significantly depending on factors such as tectonic activity, local geological features, and the composition of the Earth's layers.
In the Earth's core, temperatures are extremely high, reaching up to several thousand degrees Celsius. The outer core is thought to be primarily molten iron and nickel, while the inner core is solid due to high pressure despite its extreme temperatures.
In summary, the temperature within the Earth is described as increasing with depth due to factors such as radioactive decay, conduction of heat, and adiabatic compression, with the highest temperatures found in the Earth's core.
Answer:The temperature is around 1000°C at the base of the crust, around 3500°C at the base of the mantle, and around 5,000°C at Earth's centre. The temperature gradient within the lithosphere (upper 100 km) is quite variable depending on the tectonic setting.
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