a crack across rock layers caused by moving plates
molten rock - fault (a fault is a rupture or scission in a block of rocks that allows both parts from the scission to slide over each other)
horizontal intrusion - sill (a sill is a mass of igneous rock that intruded horizontally and laterally through rock layers already existent)
vertical intrusion - d(y)ke (a d(y)ke is also a mass of igneous rock, but this time that intruded vertically across rock layers, many times through an already existing crack)
natural, upward movement of rock layers - uplift (uplift is a geological process in which a portion of the Earth's crust is elevated from its original position due to plate tectonics)
