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The author discusses the concepts of society, or association with other people, and solitude, or being alone, in this essay. He extols the virtues of solitude, implying that private meditation leads to enlightenment.
Emerson begins 'Society and Solitude' with a poem about a man who leaves civil society to live alone among the elements of nature. The author then describes meeting a humorist, a highly intelligent man who had lost his ability to socialize with others. The humorist left the city he was living in and took up residence in abandoned pastures.
He discovered that the river was not alone enough because the sun and moon were accompanying him. To hide himself from the rest of the world, the comedian built a house and planted trees. He was ecstatic when he encountered neighbors who claimed they had never seen him before. The man desired complete seclusion. He desired to be free of his 'corporeal jacket,' or physical body, in order to commune with the stars.
Emerson concludes 'Society and Solitude' by emphasizing the importance of balancing society and solitude. He admits that total solitude is impractical, but he advocates for moderation in society, stating that 'people are to be taken in very small doses.' A man will be of sound mind if he sees few people and finds time for solitude. Emerson contends that man can perform certain social roles while still maintaining a distinct self in solitude.
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