The abbreviated term that is used to identify the stock for trading purposes is called the Stock Symbol (Ticker).
More about stock symbol:
A security is given a specific set of letters called a stock symbol for trading purposes. Stocks that are listed on the NYSE are limited to four letters or less. Securities that are listed on Nasdaq may have up to five characters.
There is no discernible difference between symbols with three letters and those with four or five letters because they are only a shortcut for describing a company's shares. Ticker symbols are another name for stock symbols.
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