The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equations may be used to calculate allelic and genotypic frequencies. In this case, q = 0.538 ≅ 0.54.
What exactly is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium theory, allelic and genotypic frequencies in an equilibrium population stay constant through generations.
Assuming that the gene is diallelic,
Allelic frequencies in a locus are denoted as
After one generation, the genotypic frequencies are
The sum of the allelic frequencies equals one.
p + q = 1.
The total genotypic frequencies are equal to one.
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
The gene coding for eye colour in the given example is diallelic.
The letter B is dominating and stands for blue.
b is a recessive gene that codes for green.
N is equal to 100 people.
Green-eyed people = 29
71 people have blue eyes.
The proportion of people with green eyes is 29/100 = 0.29 q2.
The proportion of people with blue eyes is 71/100 = 0.71 p2 + 2pq
If q2 equals 0.29, then
q = √0.29
q = 0.538
If q = 0.538, then p may be found by solving the following equation.
p + q = 1
p + 0.538 = 1
p = 1 - 0.538
p = 0.462
We can compute p2 using the p-value.
If p equals 0.462, then
p² = 0.462²
p² = 0.2134
Furthermore, the frequency of the heterozygous genotype is
2pq = 2 x 0.462 x 0.538
2pq =0.497
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
0.213 + 0.497 + 0.29 = 1
The recessive allele has a frequency of q = 0.538.
Learn more about genotype here,
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