During oxidative phosphorylation, protons (H+) are pumped into the intermembrane space, and then pass through ATP synthase , back to the mitochondrial matrix.
In the metabolic process known as oxidative phosphorylation, also known as electron transport-linked phosphorylation or terminal oxidation, cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, releasing chemical energy and producing adenosine triphosphate as a result (ATP). This happens inside mitochondria in eukaryotes. In almost all aerobic species, oxidative phosphorylation takes place. Because it produces more energy than alternate fermentation processes like anaerobic glycolysis, this route is very common.
Although oxidative phosphorylation is an essential component of metabolism, it also generates reactive oxygen species like superoxide and hydrogen peroxide that damage cells, spread illness, and may even speed up the aging and senescence process.
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