A recent study by sedikides, gaertner, and toguchi (2003) found that members of collectivistic countries self-enhance more than members of individualistic countries.
The cultural movement challenged the universality of the self-fulfilling motif by suggesting that the motif is common in individualist (Western) cultures but absent in the latter. collectivism (Eastern). This study suggests that Westerners and Easter people use different tactics to achieve the same goal: positive self-esteem.
Study 1 tested participants from different cultures (US vs. Japan) and Study 2 tested participants from different self-concepts (independence and interdependence). ). Americans and Independents self-improve on individualist attributes, while Japanese and Interdependents self-improve on collectivist attributes. Independents view individualist attributes, while interdependents view collectivist attributes as individually important. The importance of attribute-mediated self-improvement. Regardless of their cultural background or self-concept, people self-improve in important personal aspects. Self-improvement is a universal human motivation.
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