Phenytoin achieves a therapeutic effect on patients with tonic-clonic seizures by blocking the spread of electrical activities through the neurons in the brain.
Phenytoin, sold under the brand name Dilantin comes under a group of drugs called antiepileptic drugs or anticonvulsants. Anticonvulsants work by stopping or reducing the excess electrical signals in the brain caused by tonic-clonic seizures.
Tonic-clonic seizures occur when there is excess or abnormal levels of electrical activities in the brain. These signals then spread to the neurons in the body and the muscular system, causing the patient to experience stiffness, usually accompanied by loss of consciousness. Hence, when this patient is treated with phenytoin, it stops the neurons in the brain from becoming too active, thereby reducing how often the patient experiences seizures.
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