DNA molecule is composed of nucleotides joined by their extremes. Nitrogenated bases are joined by hydrogen bonds. A Phosphate group is in the 5' extreme, and -OH in the 3' extreme.
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DNA is a polymer composed of different nucleotides joined by their extremes.
Nucleotides are monomers composed of a sugar molecule, joined with a phosphate group and a nitrogenated base.
Nitrogenated Bases
- Nitrogenated bases are molecules carrying nitrogen and exhibiting the chemical properties of a base.
- Nitrogenated bases are purines and pyrimidines. Adenine and guanine derive from purines, while Thymine and Cytosine derive from Pyrimidines.
- Adenine pairs with thymine, while guanine pairs with cytosine.
- 2 hydrogen bonds join A-T
- 3 hydrogen bonds join C-G.
Sugar group
- The sugar group contains deoxyribose, with hydroxyl modifications.
- Sugar is always a pentose.
- The free OH group is associated with this ring
- It is always associated with the 3' extreme
Phosphate group
- There is a P in the center of the group
- It is always in the 5' extreme
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