Answer:
A) and B)
Explanation:
Just like any business in capitalism, banks need profit for their stockholders. But more essentially, banks need profits to be sustainable, as is required by most regulators, like the ECB, as net losses can cause lack of trust by costumers, which is the building block of banking. Though some banks are owned by their members i.e. those who deposit their money in the bank, that varies a lot inside a country and on a country by country basis, especially due to historical reasons. This becauses banks can trace their origins even to, at least the middle ages (certainly in the cause of the Islamic Sultanates). Finally, though banks have a variety on investment and loan focus, as any prudent business should, historically, real estate related loans, both to buyers and construction companies encompass a large piece of most bank's activity.
