In a case-control study, a researcher found no association between exposure to A and disease B. Later she found out that there was a misclassification when measuring exposure to A, in both cases and controls. What is a potential explanation for the results (no association) of this case-control study?
a. Differential misclassification
b. Confounding
c. Selection bias
d. Effect-modification
e. Nondifferential misclassification

When misclassification occurs among the probability of individuals being misclassified is equal across all groups in the study it is referred as non-differential misclassification.

What is misclassification?

An error that occurs during a research at any stage is known as misclassification.

It can be differential misclassification of non-differential misclassification.

Non-differential misclassification takes place in case when the probability of misclassification is equal across all groups in the study.

Differential misclassification occur in a case when the probability of misclassification differs between particular groups in a study .

In the given case exposure A is misclassified in both cases. So, it can be taken as non-differential misclassification.

Thus, the correct option is e.

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