Explanation:
We are to find marginal tax and average tax rate at a consumption level of 500 oranges for plan A and plan B
Plan A
Consumption level = 500 oranges
Tax = 20%
Tax payable on this = 500 x 20% = 500 x 0.2 = 100
Marginal tax rate = 20 %
Average tax return = 100/500 = 0.2x100 = 20%
Plan B
At tax rate = 30%
Same consumption level
Tax payable = 500 x 30% = 500 x 0.3 = 150
Marginal tax rate = 30%
Average tax rate = 150/500 = 0.3 x 100 = 30%