Answer:
Confounds; control
Explanation:
Given that CONFOUNDS are forms of Extraneous variables, though, they affect variables that are not related. Also, since CONFOUNDS are not independent variables, researchers or experimenters CONTROL other variables that are not independent, while they MANIPULATE independent variables.
Hence, CONFOUNDS are extraneous variables that may influence the results of the study but are not directly measured by the study. Experimenters must CONTROL these variables to be more confident that the results of the experiment are due to the manipulation of the independent variable and not some other variable.