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The Council of Trent did not introduce any new doctrines, beliefs, or practices into the Catholic Church. It was a response to the Protestant revolution and it was designed to define and hold fast to the old teachings and traditions of the Church. This council changed things was that now Catholics were having their doctrines and statements of faith etched in stone. The council helped to settle Catholic beliefs.
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The Council of Trent did the following:

  • It reaffirmed the belief that the pope should lead the Church .
  • It granted power to those who ran the Inquisition .
  • It commissioned a new catechism, or statement of belief.
  • It put an end to the selling of indulgences.

Context/Detail:

The Council of Trent, held over a span of years from 1545 to 1563,  served to reform some abuses that were acknowledged by the Catholic Church.  Mostly, though, the Council aimed to assert the full authority of Roman power and doctrine over the Protestant threat.  So reaffirming the authority of the pope was a key measure over against Protestants who had challenged that authority.

Pope Paul III had established the Roman Inquisition in 1542 as a means for investigating and prosecuting individuals accused of heresy.  The Council of Trent affirmed and further empowered the Roman Inquisition as an institution of the church.

The Roman Catechism, also known as the Catechism of the Council of Trent, was commissioned by the Council and was published in 1566, with the intent of thoroughly educating the church's clergy.

As for indulgences, the underlying principle of indulgences was upheld -- that the church had authority to grant reprieve to penance or time in purgatory. But the sale of indulgences was stopped.  The church recognized that the selling of indulgences had been an abuse and determined to end that practice.

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