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☄ Universal Gravitational Constant(G)

Gravitational constant is a constant of proportionality when F(Gravitational force) is proportional to product of masses and inversely proportional to the distance between them.

  • It can be defined as:- Universal gravitational constant is the magnitude of the force between a pair of 1 kg masses that are kept 1 metre apart.
  • The SI unit of G is N m²/kg² and the CGS unit of G is Dyne cm² / g².

☄ Do you know?

The value of G (universal gravitational constant) was found out by the scientist Henry Cavendish by using the sensitive torsion balance[tex].[/tex]

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Sriju

Answer:

Here is the answer. Hope this helps you!

Explanation:

Now, from Universal law of gravitation, we come to know that:

F= force of attraction

M = the object with greater mass (taken from centre of the objects)

m = object with smaller mass (taken from centre of the objects)

d = distance (taken from centre of the objects)

F ∝ Mm

F ∝ 1/d²

Therefore, we get the formula

F ∝ Mm/d²

F = GMm/d²

Here, G is the constant of proportionality. It also accepted as the Universal gravitation constant. It has a value of 6.67*10^-11 Nm^2/kg^2.

The universal gravitation constant has allowed us to use the above formula to help us calculate and come to know about

  1. the force that binds us to the earth
  2. the motion of moon around the earth
  3. the motion of planets around the sun
  4. the tides on earth caused by the moon and the sun.

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