help me please because I don't understand it

Answer:
scale factor = [tex]\frac{1}{3}[/tex]
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the scale factor, calculate the ratio of corresponding sides in the 2 figures. Ratio is image to original.
Comparing the top horizontal segments in both, orange to black.
scale factor = [tex]\frac{5}{15}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1}{3}[/tex]