Answer:
d. brand extension
Explanation:
Brand extension is also called line extension. It involves using the same brand name for products that are closely related to the original but meet e different set of consumer needs. Additional items are introduced in the product category using the same brand name. For example introducing flavors, colours, ingredients, and package sizes.
Line extensions are of two types:
-Horzontal: price and quality are consistent, bit other factors like flavour and colour are changed.
-Vertical: involves increase or decrease of quality and price to create luxury and inferior goods
