Mechanical advantage is given by formula
[tex]MA = \frac{F_{out}}{F_{in}}[/tex]
here we know that for torque balance in pulley system we have
[tex]F_{out}\times r_1 = F_{in}\times r_2[/tex]
[tex]MA = \frac{r_2}{r_1}[/tex]
for W
[tex]MA = \frac{12}{4} = 3[/tex]
for X
[tex]MA = \frac{36}{9} = 4[/tex]
For Y
[tex]MA = \frac{18}{3} = 6[/tex]
For Z
[tex]MA = \frac{16}{8} = 2[/tex]
so least to greatest order will be
Z < W < X < Y
so correct answer is
B- Z, W, X, Y
